how can small charities measure their impact?

Measuring impact is difficult, especially so for smaller charities. A small charity is unlikely to have a big budget or specialist expertise. And their reach might put a limit on the amount of data that can be collected at least to begin with. But there are some things which small charities can do.

A well thought through Theory of Change is essential and does not need a lot of resources to put together - just some thinking time and perhaps some facilitation. Even if what's in it cannot yet be measured, it's a guide to future measurement, as well as a helpful strategic tool. It's also great for communicating a charity's strategy to staff, partners and funders.

Reach is an essential component of impact, even for smaller charities, and can be measured through tools such as Google Analytics, programme records and social media data. Quality can be measured though simple feedback forms, observation and peer review. Standard metrics such as Net Promoter Score are definitely worth considering.

Unless you are delivering something completely novel, there is likely to be existing evidence about what works. The What Works Network is a great resource for charities in the sectors it covers. Or you may need to do an evidence review - a local university might be able to help out.

Some funders ask for this. All funders ought to welcome it - you are assuring them that you will find out what difference their funding made. A rule of thumb is to put aside 5% of a programme's costs for evaluation. Sounds like a lot? Using five pence in the pound to check whether the other 95p has been well spent is a good investment, and will pay itself back in lessons learned and impact evidence.

Pro bono means 'for good'.  Our pro bono work page sets out our offer, and lists some other organisations that can help.

While requiring some coordination, it's possible for a group of smaller charities to come together and run or fund a charity survey or consultation that addresses a common interest - for example the priorities of the community they support.

In some sectors such as health and social care or education, there are opportunities to take part in larger evaluations. Click here to find out about the Education Endowment Foundation's opportunities. 

Here are some good places to start:

NPC's resource hub

NCVO's evaluation guidance

Tools compiled by Charity Digital

Resources collated by the Small Charities Commission